The land of An Giang is called Moăt Chruk (មាត់ជ្រូក) by the Khmer people, meaning the land of the Pig's Mouth. The meaning of the Land of the Pig's Mouth sounds obscure, other meanings can be speculated on such as: the Land of the Pig's Voice (the land of many screaming wild boars), the Land of Boar's Bank (the land of many dirt roads bulldozed by wild boars). Later, the Vietnamese people read this place name as Chu Doc, but due to taboo, they read it as Chau Doc. During the Nguyen Dynasty, this place name was transliterated as Mat Luat (or Ngoc Luat), used to refer to the area around Chau Doc.
The name An Giang province is also understood as "peaceful western land" (according to the meaning given by King Minh Mang during the Nguyen Dynasty).
An Giang province in feudal times
An Giang during the independent Nguyen Dynasty
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Phu Tuy Bien (Tinh Bien) during the Nguyen Dynasty in 1861
An Giang in the map of Cochinchine Cochinchine (Basse Cochinchine)
An Giang Province (period 1844-1867)
An Giang province, period (1844-1867)
(Map of six provinces)
An Giang and Ha Tien were independent during the Nguyen Dynasty
Main article: An Giang Chronicle
According to Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi of the National History Institute of the Nguyen Dynasty, the land of An Giang (Khmer: ខេត្តមាត់ជ្រូក) was formerly the land of Tam Phong Long , Chan Lap country (the land between the Tien and Hau rivers ). In 1757 (Dinh Suu), Chan Lap king Nac Ton (Outey II) offered this land to Lord Nguyen . From the time of Chan Lap until the beginning of the Nguyen Dynasty, An Giang land was still deserted, with very few inhabitants. In the early years of King Gia Long 's reign , the Nguyen dynasty organized recruitment of people to reclaim land and settle down, and made it part of Vinh Thanh town (one of the five towns of Gia Dinh citadel ). In the 13th year of Minh Mang's reign (1832), King Minh Mang divided Vinh Thanh town into two provinces, An Giang and Vinh Long. An Giang province (Chinese: 安江), is also divided into 2 districts (with 4 districts): Tuy Bien district (including 2 districts: Tay Xuyen, Phong Phu), Tan Thanh district (including 2 districts: Dong Xuyen and Vinh An ). At the same time, the position of An-Ha was established as general governor of both An Giang and Ha Tien provinces, with headquarters located in Chau Doc city of An Giang province. The area of An Giang province under the Nguyen Dynasty was very large. Compared to today's administrative boundaries, it includes the entire An Giang province, Can Tho city , Hau Giang, Soc Trang, part of Dong Thap province and Gia Rai district (belonging to Bac Lieu province).
In the fourth lunar month of 1824, Nac Ong Chan (Ang Chan II), donated to the Nguyen Dynasty through Nguyen Van Thoai (to repay Mr. Thoai's gratitude), 3 Chan Sum regions (also known as Chan Thanh or Chan Chiem, located in the middle of Giang Thanh). and Chau Doc), Mat Luat (Ngoc Luat, also located between Giang Thanh and Chau Doc), Loi Kha Bat (Prey Kabbas), Takeo). The Nguyen Dynasty only took 2 lands: Chan Sum and Mat Luat (Mat Luat later became Tay Xuyen district). Chan Sum was later divided into two districts, Ha Am and Ha Duong, which used to belong to Tinh Bien district (Tinh Bien)/ Ha Tien province, before being divided into An Giang province.
An Giang was one of the first six provinces in Cochinchina (six provinces of Cochinchina) during the independent Nguyen Dynasty , established in 1832 under the reign of King Minh Mang .
In 1833, An Giang province was occupied by a rebel Le Van Khoi army, the Nguyen dynasty had to mobilize troops to suppress it. Finally, Bui Van Ly assassinated An Giang and took back the province (Chau Doc) from Khoi's army. In 1833-1834, the Siamese army, following Le Van Khoi's request for help, entered An Giang along the Mekong River to attack the Nguyen Dynasty, and were defeated by the Nguyen Dynasty army led by Truong Minh Giang and Nguyen Xuan on the Vam Nao River.
In the 16th year of Minh Mang's reign (1835), the Nguyen dynasty took more land from Ba Thac (Bassac, in Cambodia) and merged it into An Giang and established the city of Ba Xuyen. The old Ba Thac land was divided into two districts: Phong Nhieu and Phong Thinh. At the same time, Vinh Dinh district of Vinh Long province was added to Ba Xuyen district, making Ba Xuyen district have 3 districts: Phong Nhieu, Phong Thinh and Vinh Dinh.
Administrative division of An Giang province in 1836:
-Vinh An district:
-Total An Hoi includes 1 Sung Van commune and 4 villages: An Tich, Tan Lam, Tan Qui Dong, Tan Xuan
- An My total includes 7 villages: An Thuan, Phu An, Phu Huu, Phu Nhon, Tan An Dong, Tan Huu, Tan Nhon;
-Total An Thanh includes 7 villages: Hoi An, My An, Tan An Trung, Tan Dong, Tan Khanh, Tan Khanh Tay, Tan My;
-An Thoi total includes 5 villages: Nhon Quoi, Tan Duong, Tan Long, Tan Thanh, Vinh Thanh;
-An Tinh total includes 3 villages: Phu An Dong, Tan Thuan, Tan Tich;
- An Trung total includes 6 villages: Binh Tien, Tan Phu Dong, Tan Phu Trung, Tan Phu, Tan Qui Tay, Vinh Phuoc;
-Total An Truong includes 8 villages: Dinh Hoa, Dong Thanh, Dong Thanh Trung, Kim Bon, My Thuan, Phu Ly, Tan Loc Trung, Tan Phong;
-Vinh Dinh District:
-Dinh An district includes 3 villages: Dong Phu, Long Hung, Phu My Dong;
-Total Dinh Bao includes 8 villages: Nhon Ai, Tan An, Tan Loi, Tan Thanh Dong, Thoi Binh, Thuong Thanh, Thuong Thanh Dong, Truong Thanh;
-Dinh Khanh district includes 11 villages: An Khanh, An Thanh Nhi, An Thanh Nhut, Chau Hung, Chau Khanh, Dai Hoa, Dai Huu, Dai Thanh, Hoa My, Phong Phu, Phu Huu;
-Dinh Thoi total includes 6 villages: Binh Thuy, Phu Long, Tan Loc Dong, Thoi An, Thoi An Dong, Thoi Hung;
-Dong Xuyen district:
- An Luong total includes 12 villages: Binh Thanh Dong, Hoa Thanh, Ly Nhon, My Hoi Dong, Nhon An, Nhon Luong, Tan Hung, Toan Duc, Vinh Hau, Vinh Loc, Vinh Toan, My Luong;
- An Phu total includes 7 villages: An Hoa, Binh Hoa Tay, Nhon Hoa, Tan Binh, Dinh An, Long Hau, Tan Loc;
-Total An Thanh includes 10 villages: Long Hung, Long Khanh, Long Son, Phu Lam, Tan An, Tan Thien, Vinh Hoa, Vinh Lac, Vinh Loi, Vinh Xuong;
-Total An Toan includes 9 villages: Kien Long, Kien Thanh, My Chanh, My Hung, My Long, My Phu, Toan Duc, Toan Duc Dong, Tu Dien;
-Tay Xuyen district:
- Chau Phu district includes 29 villages: An Nong, An Thanh, Binh Thanh, Hung An, Khanh An, Long Thanh, Nhon Hoa, Nhon Hoi, Phu Cuong, Than Nhon Ly, Thoi Hung, Vinh Bao, Vinh Dieu, Vinh Hoi , Vinh Khanh, Vinh Lac, Vinh Nguon, Vinh Phuoc, Vinh Te Son, Vinh Thanh, Vinh Thanh, Vinh Tho, Vinh Thong, Vinh Trung, Vinh Truong, Chau Phu, Vinh Gia, Vinh Hoa Trung, Vinh Lac Trung;
- Total Dinh Phuoc includes 9 villages: My Phuoc, My Thanh, Tan Thuan Dong, Thanh Hoa Trung, Thoai Son, Thoi Thuan, Vinh Chanh, Vinh Phu, Vinh Trinh;
- Total Dinh Thanh includes 6 villages: Binh Duc, Binh Hoa Trung, Binh Lam, Binh My, Vinh Thanh Trung, Vinh Thuan.
In the year Minh Mang 20 (1839), the Nguyen Dynasty added An Xuyen district (separated from Vinh An district) to depend on Tan Thanh district. In the same year, the Nguyen dynasty also cut off the land of Chan Thanh district, Chan Chiem district of Tran Tay Thanh (Cao Mien protected by the Nguyen dynasty) and combined it with the land cut from Tay Xuyen district to establish two Ha Duong districts (on the southern bank of the Vinh River). Te) and Ha Am (on the northern bank of Vinh Te River) of Ha Tien province (later transferred to An Giang province), adding the territory of O Mon district (formerly the name of the land of Cambodia (Tran Tay Thanh) with many people). Khmer people) into Phong Phu district, Mat Luat district (Ngoc Luat) of Tran Tay Thanh into Tay Xuyen district.
In the second year of Thieu Tri's reign (1842), Thieu Tri extracted Tinh Bien district and Ha Duong district of Ha Tien province and merged it into An Giang. In 1844, Ha Am district of Ha Tien province was added to Tinh Bien district. At this time, Tinh Bien district included Ha Am and Ha Duong districts. In the 3rd year of Tu Duc's reign (1850), the Nguyen Dynasty abandoned Tinh Bien district and merged Ha Am and Ha Duong districts into Tuy Bien district. During the reign of King Tu Duc, An Giang province included 3 palaces with 10 districts: Ha Am, Ha Duong, Phong Phu, Tay Xuyen, Dong Xuyen, Vinh An, An Xuyen, Phong Nhieu, Phong Thinh, Vinh Dinh.
- Ha Am district, formerly Chau Thanh district, Cambodia, includes 2 cantons (possibly 2 cantons named Thanh Tin and Quy Duc, later reorganized into 2 cantons located right on the bank of Vinh Te canal of Chau Doc province in 1901) with 40 villages (Vinh Thong, Vinh Bao, Vinh Lac, Vinh Gia, Vinh Dieu, Than Nhon Ly...) , the west borders Ha Chau district, Ha Tien province, the south borders Ha Duong district , to the east borders Tay Xuyen district, to the north borders Cambodia. According to Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi: Ha Am district is located on the left (left, northwest bank) of Vinh Te river. Thus, at this time, the land of Ha Am district belonged to the land bordering Cambodia with Vietnam, that is, the land of Kiri Vong district, and possibly the land of Kaoh Andaet and Bourei Cholsar districts of Takeo province, Cambodia. .
- Ha Duong district (河陽), formerly Chan Thanh district of Cambodia, includes 4 cantons (Thanh Tam, Thanh Y, Thanh Le, Thanh Ngai (or Thanh Nghia)) with 40 villages ( Vinh Quoi, Hung Nhuong, An Nong, An Thanh, Phu Thanh, Nhon Hoa, Thoi Son, Ta Danh, Thuyet Nap, Trat Quan, Tu Te, Van Giao, Vinh Trung, Xuan To, An Cu, Ba Chut, Bich Tri, Bon Ca, Chau Lang , Le Huat, Luong Do, Phi Yen, Tram Van, An Tuc, Don Hau, Giai Am, Nam Qui, Phi Cam, Tri Ton, Co To, Nam Chi, Ngon Nap, O Lam,...), west borders Ha Chau district, Ha Tien province, the south borders Kien Giang district, Ha Tien province, the east borders Tay Xuyen district, the north borders Ha Am district. Ha Duong district land today belongs to Chau Thanh, Thoai Son and Tri Ton districts of An Giang province.
- Phong Phu district (豐富) used to be the land of Vinh Dinh district and the land of O Mon district (of Cambodia), including 3 districts with 31 villages, the west borders Kien Giang district, Ha Tien province, the south borders Vinh Dinh district ( Ba Xuyen district), to the north it borders Tay Xuyen and An Xuyen districts (Tan Thanh district). Phong Phu district's land may now be land in Thot Not, O Mon,... districts of Can Tho city. Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi wrote: " Can Tho River is on the west bank of Hau River, 3 miles east of Phong Phu district,..., the west bank is the old capital of Tran Giang parish,... "
-Tay Xuyen district (西川) was formerly Chau Doc religious land along with Vinh Dinh district and Mat Luat district (of Cambodia), located on the west bank of Hau river, including 3 cantons (Chau Phu, Dinh Thanh, Dinh Phuoc) with 38 cantons. commune, the west borders Ha Duong district, the south borders Long Xuyen district, Ha Tien province, the east and north borders Dong Xuyen district (Tan Thanh district). Tay Xuyen district's land may now belong to the districts of Chau Doc, An Phu, Chau Phu, Chau Thanh, Long Xuyen city,... of An Giang province.
-Dong Xuyen district was originally Vinh Dinh district (including Tan Chau district) located east of Hau Giang river (between Tien and Hau rivers), including 4 communes with 33 villages, bordering Tay Xuyen district to the west and south. The east borders Kien Dang and (Kien Phong) districts of Dinh Tuong province, and the north borders Cambodia. Dong Xuyen district's land may now belong to the districts of Tan Chau, An Phu, Phu Tan,... of An Giang province.
-Vinh An district (永安) includes 4 communes with 36 villages, the west borders Phong Phu district, the south and east borders An Xuyen district, the north borders Kien Phong district, Dinh Tuong province. Vinh An district's land may now be land in Cho Moi district and some southern districts of Dong Thap province (located between Tien and Hau rivers): Lap Vo, Lai Vung, Sa Dec (Dong Khau district). According to Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi, Dong Khau religion is on the southern bank of Sa Dec river in Vinh An district.
-An Xuyen district (安川) includes 3 communes with 25 villages and communes, the west borders Phong Phu district, the south borders Vinh Dinh district, the east borders Vinh Long province, the north borders Dinh Tuong province. An Xuyen district's land may now belong to the southern districts of Dong Thap province (located between the Tien and Hau rivers): Lap Vo, Lai Vung, Chau Thanh... and possibly the land of Binh Minh district, Vinh Long province. Nowadays.
-Vinh Dinh district (永定) was formerly Vinh Dinh district, Vinh Long province under the Nguyen dynasty, then cut into An Giang, including 4 cantons (Dinh Thoi, Dinh An, Dinh Khanh, and Tran Giang (ie Can Tho)) with 19 villages and communes. , to the west it borders Phong Nhieu district, to the south it borders Phong Thinh district, to the east and north it borders Vinh Long province of the Nguyen Dynasty. Vinh Dinh district's land may now be the land adjacent to the Hau River in the provinces of Hau Giang (mainly) and Soc Trang (partly).
- Phong Nhieu district (豐饒), includes 3 communes with 17 villages, the west borders Kien Giang district, Ha Tien province, the south borders the East Sea, the east and north border Vinh Dinh district. Now Phong Nhieu district's land may belong to the western part of Hau Giang and Soc Trang provinces, along with the eastern part or the entire Bac Lieu province.
-Phong Thinh district (豐盛), in the 3rd year of Tu Duc's reign (1850), was merged into the same Vinh Dinh district with concurrent management of the capital, so its name was erased. The entire land of Phong Thinh district may be located entirely in Soc Trang province today.
Governors of An Giang-Ha Tien of the Nguyen Dynasty:
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The Tuan Phu (provincial governor) of An Giang under the Nguyen Dynasty
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Long Xuyen province and Chau Doc province during the French colonial period
1878.jpg)
An Giang was divided during the French colonial period (1878) into the following provinces: Chau Doc, Long Xuyen, Sa Dec, Can Tho and Soc Trang.
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French Cochinchina (Basse Cochinchine Francaise) around 1881
Map of Chau Doc province of French Cochinchina in 1890
Map of Long Xuyen province of French Cochinchina in 1901
In 1868, the French colonialists occupied three provinces in the western region of Cochinchina: An Giang, Vinh Long and Ha Tien. At this time, the French colonialists gradually abolished the name An Giang province and the old district administrative system of the Nguyen Dynasty in this area, and also established Inspection districts. Accordingly, An Giang province was renamed Chau Doc province, taking the name of the province's headquarters, Chau Doc city. Chau Doc province at that time included Inspection districts, which took their names from the location where the headquarters were located such as: Chau Doc district (former Tuy Bien district), Sa Dec district (former Tan Thanh district) and Ba Xuyen district (old Ba district). old piercing):
-Chau Doc district (former Tuy Bien district), headquartered in Chau Doc, including 2 districts: Dong Xuyen and Ha Duong
-Sa Dec County (former Tan Thanh district), headquartered in Sa Dec, includes 3 districts: An Xuyen, Vinh An and Phong Phu
-Ba Xuyen County (former Ba Xuyen district), headquartered in Soc Trang, includes 3 districts: Vinh Dinh, Phong Nhieu and Phong Thanh
Later, Ba Xuyen Inspection district was also renamed Soc Trang Inspection district. Later, Chau Doc Inspection District also separated to establish Long Xuyen Inspection District; Sa Dec Inspectorate was separated from a part of land belonging to the former Vinh Long province to form Tra On Inspectorate. One year later, the main Palace from Tra On moved to Cai Rang.
On June 5, 1871, Long Xuyen Inspectorate district and Chau Doc Inspectorate district received additional land in Phong Thanh general area, which belonged to Kien Phong district, Dinh Tuong province during the independent Nguyen Dynasty as follows:
-Chau Doc district: take the land of 3 villages An Binh, An Long and Tan Thanh belonging to Phong Thanh district, Kien Phong district. This land is located northwest of Dong Thap Muoi, later called An Phuoc canton, Chau Doc district.
-Long Xuyen county: take the territory of Tan Phu and Tan Thanh villages of Phong Thanh canton, Kien Phong district to establish a new canton called Phong Thanh Thuong canton of Long Xuyen county.
According to the Decree dated January 5, 1876, the French colonialists completely abandoned the system of Cochinchina six provinces during the Nguyen Dynasty, at the same time, Inspection counties were replaced by Arrondissement counties , hamlets were changed to villages. The land of Cochinchina at this time was divided into 4 administrative areas (circonscription) set by the French colonialists, including the Bassac area (Hau Giang) governing the reference counties: Chau Doc, Ha Tien, Long Xuyen, Rach Gia, Tra On and Soc Trang. However, Sa Dec district belongs to the Vinh Long area. On February 23, 1876, the Governor of Cochinchina issued a new Decree taking Phong Phu district and part of An Xuyen and Tan Thanh districts to establish Can Tho district with Can Tho as its capital. Can Tho county belongs to the Bassac region (Hau Giang).
In 1882, the district of Bac Lieu was established on the basis of separating the 3 districts of Quang Long, Quang Xuyen and Long Hung of the district of Rach Gia and the two districts of Thanh Hoa and Thanh Hung separated from the district of Soc Trang to move to. Bac Lieu headquarters is located in Thanh Hoa general area, which was previously part of Soc Trang district. Thus, the old An Giang province includes the reference counties of Sa Dec, Chau Doc, Long Xuyen, Can Tho, Soc Trang and Bac Lieu located in the two areas of Vinh Long and Bassac (Hau Giang).
On August 12, 1888, Rach Gia district attorney was dissolved and merged into Long Xuyen district district. On December 27, 1892, the French colonialists re-established Rach Gia district. In 1888, Ha Tien belonged to Chau Doc district, and at the end of 1892, Ha Tien district was restored.
According to the Decree of the Governor General of Indochina on December 20, 1899, from January 1, 1900, all counties in Cochinchina were converted into provinces. The old An Giang province was divided into 6 provinces like the previous period: Chau Doc, Long Xuyen, Sa Dec, Can Tho, Soc Trang province and Bac Lieu. That situation lasted until 1956.
During the French colonial period, today's An Giang province (belonging to the State of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam) was part of Chau Doc and Long Xuyen. The land of these two provinces at that time also included a part of land belonging to Dong Thap province today.
Chau Doc Province
In 1903, Chau Doc province initially had 3 districts: Tan Chau, Tri Ton and Tinh Bien. In 1917, Chau Doc established Chau Thanh district, and in 1919, it was renamed Chau Phu district. However, in 1939, the district name was changed to Chau Thanh. On December 19, 1929, the French colonialists established Hong Ngu district, separated from Tan Chau district in the same province.
Chau Doc provincial capital is located in Chau Phu village, Chau Phu canton, Chau Thanh district. From February 9, 1913 to February 9, 1924, Ha Tien province was dissolved, becoming a district of Chau Doc province. After that, it separated again to become independent Ha Tien province as before.
Long Xuyen province
In 1917, the French colonialists established 3 districts in Long Xuyen province: Chau Thanh, Cho Moi and Thot Not. In 1953, Long Xuyen province established two new districts, Nui Sap and Lap Vo. Thoai Son district was established by separating Dinh Phu district from Chau Thanh district; Lap Vo district was established by separating An Phu canton from Thot Not district of the same province.
Long Xuyen provincial capital belongs to the area of two villages Binh Duc and My Phuoc and belongs to Dinh Phuoc canton, Chau Thanh district. Based on the Decree dated January 31, 1935 and December 16, 1938, Long Xuyen town under Long Xuyen province was established, including the land inside the previous provincial capital. On December 29, 1952, the pro-French government of Vietnam decided to recognize Long Xuyen provincial capital as a mixed town (commune mixte) under Long Xuyen province.
Period 1945-1954
After the August Revolution of 1945, Chau Doc province and Long Xuyen province were on the list of 21 provinces in the South. At this time, the Southern Administrative Resistance Committee advocated abolishing the general level, abolishing the village unit, unifiedly calling it a commune, and at the same time abolishing the title district, calling it district instead. The Republic of Vietnam government in 1956 also agreed to use the name commune, but still called it district until 1975.
On May 19, 1947, the Provisional Government of the pro-French Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina decided to separate the land of Thot Not district to establish Lap Vo district, which initially belonged to Long Xuyen province; The district capital is located in Lap Vo (in Binh Dong village). On May 14, 1949, the Viet Minh government decided to separate Lap Vo district from Long Xuyen province to join Sa Dec province.
On September 12, 1947, according to Directive No. 50/CT of the Southern Administrative Resistance Committee (Democratic Republic of Vietnam government), at that time there was a change in the administrative arrangement of Chau Doc province and Long Xuyen, establishing new provinces named Long Chau Tien and Long Chau Hau as follows:
-Long Chau Tien province is located on the left bank (left bank) of Hau river, on both sides of Tien river, in zone 8 and has 5 districts: Tan Chau, Hong Ngu, Cho Moi, Chau Phu B and Lap Vo. On May 14, 1949, Lap Vo district was returned to Sa Dec province. Also that year, Tan Chau district of Long Chau Tien province was divided into two new districts: Phu Chau and Tan Chau.
-Long Chau Hau province is located on the right bank (right bank) of Hau river and has 6 districts: Tinh Bien, Tri Ton, Thot Not, Thoai Son, Chau Phu A and Chau Thanh (including 2 provincial capitals Long Xuyen and Chau Doc ). In 1949, the Revolutionary government assigned Thot Not district to Can Tho province, and in 1954 returned Thot Not district to Long Xuyen province to manage again as before.
In October 1950, Long Chau Hau province merged with Ha Tien to form Long Chau Ha province, including 8 districts: Tinh Bien, Tri Ton, Chau Phu A, Chau Thanh, Thoai Son, Thot Not, Giang Chau (merging two Giang districts). Thanh and Chau Thanh of the former Ha Tien province), Phu Quoc. In July 1951, Tri Ton and Tinh Bien districts merged into Tinh Bien district; Merging two districts, Chau Thanh and Thoai Son, into Chau Thanh district.
In June 1951, Long Chau Tien province merged with Sa Dec province to form Long Chau Sa province, including 7 districts: Chau Thanh of the former Sa Dec province), Lai Vung, Cao Lanh, Tan Hong, Tan Chau, Phu Chau, Cho New. Among them, the two districts Tan Hong and Tan Chau were originally Hong Ngu and Tan Chau districts of Long Chau Tien province before. In July 1951, Lap Vo district was merged into Long Chau Sa province.
However, the names of the provinces Long Chau Tien, Long Chau Hau, Long Chau Sa and Long Chau Ha were not recognized by Bao Dai's Nationalist government of Vietnam and the government of the Republic of Vietnam.
In 1953, the pro-French government of Vietnam decided to establish a new district in Long Xuyen, Nui Sap district, with the district capital located at Nui Sap (in Thoai Giang village) by separating Dinh Phu canton from Chau district. City and province.
In 1954, the Viet Minh government dissolved the provinces of Long Chau Sa and Long Chau Ha, and restored the provinces of Chau Doc, Long Xuyen, Sa Dec and Ha Tien as before.
An Giang province in the period 1956-1964
Republic of Vietnam
Initially, the National Government of Vietnam and then the Republic of Vietnam still maintained the names Long Xuyen and Chau Doc as during the French colonial period.
In 1955, Chau Doc province had 5 districts including: Chau Thanh, Tan Chau, Tri Ton, Tinh Bien, Hong Ngu, including 70 communes. Long Xuyen province has 4 districts including: Chau Thanh, Cho Moi, Nui Sap, Thot Not with a total of 47 communes.
After 1956, villages were called communes. On February 17, 1956, the government of the Republic of Vietnam separated Hong Ngu district (including Tay isle) from Chau Doc province and Phong Thanh Thuong general from Cho Moi district, Long Xuyen province to join Phong Thanh province. newly established (later renamed Kien Phong province, today Dong Thap province).
On October 22, 1956, President of the Republic of Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem signed Decree 143/VN to "change the boundaries and names of Saigon - Cho Lon and other provinces and capitals in Vietnam". The boundaries and place names of the provinces in the South changed a lot, some new provinces were established. According to this Decree, the territory of the Republic of Vietnam includes Saigon City and 22 provinces. At this time, Chau Doc province and Long Xuyen province were merged to form a new province called An Giang province. The provincial capital of An Giang province is located in Long Xuyen and still retains the name "Long Xuyen", administratively located in Phuoc Duc commune, Chau Thanh district. On January 14, 1959, Phuoc Duc commune was dissolved and merged into the two communes of My Phuoc and Binh Duc in Chau Thanh district.
At this time, both Long Xuyen and Chau Doc provinces previously had Chau Thanh district. However, because the provincial capital of An Giang province is called "Long Xuyen" and is located in Chau Thanh district, Chau District, old Chau Doc province, was renamed Chau Phu district as in the period 1919-1939.
On April 24, 1957, the government of the Republic of Vietnam established administrative units under the province. An Giang province at this time consisted of 8 districts: Chau Thanh, Chau Phu, Cho Moi, Tan Chau, Thot Not, Tinh Bien, Tri Ton, Nui Sap. The provincial capital is located in Long Xuyen.
On August 6, 1957, 13 northern communes of Chau Phu district were separated to establish a new district in An Giang province called An Phu district. On May 31, 1961, the government of the Republic of Vietnam changed the name of Nui Sap district to Hue Duc district.
Revolutionary Government
In 1957, the government of the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam and later the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam also dissolved and merged the two provinces of Long Xuyen and Long Xuyen. Chau Doc together to establish a new province, still named An Giang province as the government of the Republic of Vietnam did in 1956.
An Giang province at that time included 9 districts: Cho Moi, Thot Not, Nui Sap, Chau Thanh, Chau Phu, An Phu, Tan Chau, Tinh Bien, Tri Ton and 2 towns: Long Xuyen and Chau Doc. The Revolutionary government also returned Hong Ngu district to Kien Phong province and Lap Vo district to Sa Dec province. In 1963, Thot Not district was transferred to Can Tho province for management.
An Giang province and Chau Doc province in the period 1964-1975
Republic of Vietnam
| Population of An Giang province 1967 | |
|---|---|
| District | Population |
| Chau Thanh | 165,298 |
| New Market | 157,359 |
| Hue Duc | 29,986 |
| Jaggery | 125,637 |
| total | 478,280 |
On September 8, 1964, the new Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam signed Decree 246/NV, stipulating that from October 1, 1964, Chau Doc province was re-established on the basis of separating land from An Giang province. The remaining land corresponded to Long Xuyen province before 1956, but the Republic of Vietnam government still kept the name An Giang province for this land until 1975.
Chau Doc province at that time consisted of 5 districts: Chau Phu, Tan Chau, Tri Ton, Tinh Bien, An Phu. The capital of Chau Doc province at that time was called "Chau Phu", because it was located in Chau Phu commune, Chau Phu district.
The administrative division of Chau Doc province in 1970 by the Republic of Vietnam government is as follows:
The new An Giang province after 1964 was part of the previous Long Xuyen province. Until 1975, An Giang province's capital was called "Long Xuyen", including 4 districts: Chau Thanh, Hue Duc, Cho Moi and Thot Not.
The administrative division of An Giang province in 1970 by the Republic of Vietnam government is as follows:
During the period 1964-1971, Chau Doc province of the Republic of Vietnam government was still managed by An Giang province of the Revolutionary government. In 1965, the Revolutionary government assigned Ha Tien district and Phu Quoc district (both in Rach Gia province) to An Giang province to manage. In 1967, Ha Tien and Phu Quoc districts were returned to Rach Gia province as before. In December 1965, Cho Moi district was also assigned to Kien Phong province to manage. By May 1974, the Revolutionary government placed Cho Moi district in Sa Dec province.
In 1971, the Central Committee of the Southern Department decided to establish Chau Ha province, separated from An Giang province and Rach Gia province, on the land of Chau Doc province and Ha Tien province before 1956. At this time, Chau Ha province also had additional provinces. Chau Thanh A, Ha Tien and Phu Quoc districts previously belonged to Rach Gia province. Chau Ha province includes districts: Hue Duc, Tinh Bien, Tri Ton, Chau Thanh A, Ha Tien and Phu Quoc.
In May 1974, the Revolutionary government decided to dissolve the provinces of An Giang, Chau Ha and Kien Phong to re-establish the provinces of Long Chau Ha, Long Chau Tien and Sa Dec:
However, the names of Chau Ha, Long Chau Ha and Long Chau Tien provinces were not recognized by the government of the Republic of Vietnam, which instead still used the names Chau Doc and An Giang provinces until 1975.
After the events of April 30, 1975, the military government of the Republic of South Vietnam initially maintained the provinces of Long Chau Ha and Long Chau Tien as before. At this time, the Revolutionary government also abandoned the title "district" from the French colonial period and adopted the title "district" (districts and wards are for equivalent administrative units when urbanized).
On September 20, 1975, the Politburo issued Resolution No. 245-NQ/TW on abolishing zones and merging provinces nationwide "to build provinces into economic, planning and administrative units with ability to solve to the highest level the requirements of promoting production, organizing the people's material and cultural life, consolidating national defense, protecting public security, and being able to contribute best to the common cause of the whole country". According to this Resolution, the areas of the old Long Chau Ha and Long Chau Tien provinces will be divided and merged into new provinces. The name of the new province along with the location of the provincial capital will be proposed by the locality. As follows:
But on December 20, 1975, the Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam issued Resolution No. 19/NQ to adjust the consolidation of provinces in Southern Vietnam to be closer to the actual situation, thereby establishing the province. An Giang was based on the consolidation of An Giang province and Chau Doc province during the Republic of Vietnam, except for Thot Not district, which was assigned to Hau Giang province to manage.
An Giang province in the topographic map of the Republic of Vietnam
An Giang province from 1976 to present
In February 1976, An Giang province was officially re-established, initially with 8 districts: Chau Phu, Chau Thanh, Cho Moi, Hue Duc, Phu Chau, Phu Tan, Tinh Bien, Tri Ton along with two towns. : Long Xuyen, Chau Doc. The provincial capital is located in Long Xuyen town.
On March 11, 1977, the Government Council issued Resolution No. 56-CP on the consolidation of a number of districts in An Giang province as follows:
On August 23, 1979, the Government Council issued Resolution No. 300-CP on demarcating the boundaries of a number of districts and towns in An Giang province as follows:
On November 13, 1991, Phu Chau district was divided into two districts: Tan Chau district and An Phu district.
On November 12, 1994, the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 669/TTg on determining the boundary between An Giang and Kien Giang provinces. In 1996, the boundary determination between An Giang province and neighboring provinces was completed.
On March 1, 1999, the Government of Vietnam issued Decree No. 09/1999/ND-CP on the establishment of Long Xuyen city in An Giang province on the basis of the entire area and population of Long Xuyen town. before.
On April 14, 2009, the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 474/QD-TTg on recognizing Long Xuyen city, An Giang province as a class II urban area under An Giang province.
On August 24, 2009, the Government of Vietnam issued Resolution No. 40/NQ-CP on adjusting the administrative boundaries of communes in Tan Chau district, An Phu district, Phu Tan district, establishing Tan Chau town, establish wards in Tan Chau town, An Giang province.
On July 19, 2013, the Government of Vietnam issued Resolution No. 86/NQ-CP on the establishment of Chau Doc city in An Giang province on the basis of a total of 10,529.05 hectares of natural area and 157,298 people. and 7 commune-level administrative units of Chau Doc town previously.
On April 15, 2015, the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 449/NQ-TT on recognizing Chau Doc city, An Giang province as a class II urban area under An Giang province.
On December 5, 2019, the Ministry of Construction decided to recognize Tan Chau town as a class III urban area.
Currently, An Giang province has 11 district-level administrative units, including 2 cities, 1 town and 8 districts.
Source: https://vi.wikipedia.org/ - Vietnamese Wikipedia
